GB-CHC-072824667-PRM-IQNear East FoundationBuilding Resilient Livelihoods among Vulnerable Iraqi IDPs, Returnees, and Host Communities in Salah Al-Din and Diyala_As Iraq transitions from active conflict, expanding economic opportunities—especially among women and young people—will accelerate recovery, enable safe, dignified and voluntary returns,and build resilience against destabilization in conflict-affected communities. Building on strategies, tools, and learning from current PRM-supported work in Lebanon and Jordan (NEF),USAID-funded work in Ninewa (IAA), and USAID-funded work in northeast Syria (NEF), this project supports economic well-being through support for three distinct livelihoods pathways, offering tailored options for IDPs, returnees, and host community members. (See activity flow_ _chart, annexed.)1. To provide economic opportunities that meet the specific needs of women, men, youth, and persons with disabilities (PWD), the project will support the development of micro- and home-based enterprises in market-driven sectors, expanding livelihood opportunities and supporting their transition from aid dependence to self-reliance, while promoting growth of the local private sector. The NEF Market Assessment confirms that self-employment is important among IDPs, returnees, and host community members, and home-based businesses are particularly important for women and PWD. 2. To support positive youth engagement, youth employability, and repair of community assets and housing stock, the project will offer vocational and employability training linked to rehabilitation of community assets, home reconstruction, repairs and information and communications technology (ICT) (job-intensive sectors) to foster self-employment, employment, and positive youth engagement. This workstream will support the reconstruction of community property as a means to enable IDP return and reintegration, while reinvigoratinglocal economies, expanding livelihoods opportunities, and upgrading local labor markets.__Of the 4.10 million Iraqis in need of humanitarian assistance, 540,098 are inSalah al-Din Governorate and 210,605 are in Diyala Governorate. Both governorates include concentrated “hotspots” of very high severity need for returnees (areas lacking livelihoods, services, social cohesion, and security). Tikrit (in Salah al-Din, hosts 20,274 IDPs and 171,336 returnees) and Ba’quba (in Diyala, hosts 22,392 IDPs) are among districts that host the greatest number of vulnerable out-of-camp IDPs and host community members and that have the highest percentage of people whose income is below the Survival Minimum Expenditure Basket. While active conflict has ended in these communities, tensions and periodic violence persist. Most IDPs in Diyala and Salah al-Din intend to return to their areas of origin, but key obstacles include damaged homes, a lack of livelihood opportunities, and a lack of means to return (HNO 2020, DTM Master List 2-2020, IOM Int’d Loc. Assess (ILA) 2019, REACH Intentions Survey 2018). Nationally, monthly expenditures exceed income for 49% of host community members, 68% of returnees, and 56% of IDPs; all populations identify income generation and livelihoods as top priorities. Unemployment disproportionately affects women, youth, and IDPs. Unemployment for young people (age 15-24, 25.6%; 22% for male youth; 63.3% for female youth) is above the national average (13%). Only 19% of women participate in the labor market, compared to 74% of men. Only 43% of IDPs are employed, with lower employment rates in Diyala (20%) and Salah al-Din (23%). Similarly, agriculture, livestock and, in Salah al-Din, fisheries are diminished in target communities, with decreased agricultural productivity due to damaged land, lost/damaged equipment and assets, and cessation of government-supplied subsidies and inputs. Farmers report they cannot afford to replace equipment or livestock and input prices are inflated. Without reliable income, economic vulnerabilities compound other vulnerabilities faced by conflict-affected households in Salah al-Din and Diyala, contributing to food insecurity, indebtedness, eviction risk, and protection risks that include survival sex, early marriage, and child labor. (HNO 2019, ILA SFOP00067203 2019, MCNA 2018, World Bank, Iraq Econ. Mon. 2018, FAO 2018, REACH ROAR, Vill. S.Baquba city, Nov. 2018, EASO 2-2019).Youth. Over 60% of Iraq’s population is less than 25 years old. Beyond unemployment, conflict has exposed them to trauma, frayed social networks, and interrupted their education. Economic vulnerability exposes children and adolescents to longer term risks, such as school drop-out, early marriage and child labor, and diminishes their future economic prospects (HNO 2019, MCNA VI, 2018, World Bank, Iraq Economic Monitor Oct 2018).Women. Women remain effectively locked out from many livelihood opportunities due to socialrestrictions, a lack of awareness, and the burden of family caretaker duties. Female-headed households (FHH) are more likely to live in poverty, be food insecure, indebted, and dependent on aid. Similarly, FHH face heightened protection risks, including child labor, selling assets, GBV,and exploitation. MCNA 2018, HNO 2019).Gaps in Assistance. While the 2019 HRP prioritises Salah al-Din and Diyala and recognizes the importance of emergency livelihoods support, there are few livelihood service providers in these governorates, humanitarian groups remain focused on short-term assistance, and emergency livelihoods support relies heavily on cash for work schemes that offer immediate income (HRP 2019). Investments in business development, employment, and recovery of the agricultural base— paired with skill-building to overcome gaps in education—are needed to provide a pathway to longer-term, sustainable livelihoods, return and recovery. The NEF Market and Livelihoods Capacity Assessment (March 2019 with May 2020 update, annexed) confirms the need for focused livelihood support for IDPs, returnees, and host community members, particularly for women and youth. The assessments, based on primary and secondary sources, indicate that potential beneficiaries view support for income generation, skill-building, and employment matching as critical needs and are constrained by limited opportunities, lack of skills, access to finance, care responsibilities, and social norms. In March 2019, no respondents in target communities had received external assistance from government or aid groups in job training or searching, business development/self-employment, or agricultural activities. NEF therefore proposes to support IDPs, returnees, and host communities in Ba’quba and Tikrit through integrated activities that build durable livelihoods capacities will help fill the gap in support for sustainable livelihoods among vulnerable individuals who would otherwise not be reached. 3. Profile of the Target Population:Locations and Target Communities: NEF will work with partner Iraqi Al Amal (IAA) to serve vulnerable communities in Tikrit (Salah al Din governorate) and Ba’quba (Diyala governorate). In Salah al-Din (74,484 IDPs, 680,946 returnees; 74,000 host community members in need), Tikrit district hosts 20,274 IDPs and 171,336 returnees. In Diyala (54,132 IDPs, 230,190 returnees;33,000 host community members in need), Ba’quba district hosts 22,392 IDPs. NEF Siraj Centers are located in neighborhoods that are proximate to a high density of IDPs/returnees: Tikrit’s Hay Sheshain neighborhood and Ba’quba’s Hay Almuhandisin neighborhood; project target neighborhoods host 14,496 IDPs and 43,506 returnees in Tikrit and 14,946 IDPs in. Tikrit is predominantly Sunni, while Ba’quba includes Sunni, Shia, Kurdish, and other minorities. Over 24 months, NEF and IAA will support 1,080 direct participants (Y1: 540; Y2: 540)including 70% Iraqi IDPs/returnees, 50% women and 50% youth (age 18-25). Beneficiary targeting and selection: Based on learning from PRM-funded projects in Jordan and Lebanon, beneficiary targeting is rooted in social protection and economic vulnerability to SFOP00067204 effectively reduce IDP, returnee, and host community vulnerability to risks, with clear and gradual steps to build their knowledge and social and productive capital. Project activities and benefits are open to all community members; to ensure project benefits are accessible to diverse beneficiaries without singling out a particular group, the project will conduct recruitment activities in diverse neighborhoods and engage diverse civil society groups and local community leaders for referrals. NEF and IAA employ a multifaceted outreach plan to recruit hard-to-reach and highly vulnerable beneficiaries, identifying beneficiaries in coordination with VTCs, local authorities, and community stakeholders in the Salah al Din and Diyala governorates.Outreach is conducted to avoid saturating the same areas with home-based businesses, decreasing competition and increasing business survival rates. NEF records the coordinates of beneficiary household locations in its data management system, enabling a careful review of areas previously covered, targeting different neighborhoods, and identifying underserved areas. In addition to other selection criteria, agricultural activities (Activity 2.4) will target members of vulnerable HH who previously engaged in agriculture but have not yet fully recovered agricultural production or processing activities. Access considerations reflecting needs of different beneficiaries based on gender, disability, and age are carefully integrated into the project approach as part of outreach and recruitment, facilitation, livelihood services, and monitoring. Participant data will be disaggregated by nationality, gender, age range, location, and disability and will be tracked against the targets noted above.To select beneficiaries, NEF and IAA use a Vulnerability Assessment (VA) framework, adapted from NEF’s PRM-funded approach in Jordan and Lebanon and tested/refined in year one. Trained local staff implement the VA, focusing on highly vulnerable individuals at a high risk of poverty,exclusion, discrimination, violence and use negative coping strategies. The selection process prioritizes members of vulnerable households that are: a) female and youth breadwinners; b)disability inclusion; and c) participants from households with no other earners. The VA applies Vulnerability Criteria that consider, among other sub-criteria, residency, HH composition (e.g.,number and gender of breadwinners in the HH, disability within the HH), education levels, dependency ratio (number of working age by number of people in HH), presence of adolescents,access to basic services, shelter (e.g., type of housing and occupancy, crowding based on number of rooms and number of reported residents, number of issues observed) presence of child labor or school age children who are out of school, household cash flow and income diversity, savings,debt, access to safety nets, and disaster affectedness. In addition to questions related to vulnerability, participants are asked about factors that may affect potential participation in the project framework, including rootedness (plans to move outside of the project area during implementation) and willingness/ability to participate (interest in specific livelihoods activities and ability to make the requisite time commitment). Participant data are disaggregated by displacement status,1 gender, age range, location, and disability status. Wherever possible, participants will be cross-checked with peer organizations/data systems to prevent service duplication to the extent that data is available and recorded. NEF’s data management protocol protects respondent data andtransparency of the process.__NEF’s approach fosters sustainable individual strategies and skills and reinforces them through community-based support. The approach is designed to help vulnerable individuals and families to move from dependence on short-term aid to self-sufficiency and resilience through community based livelihood services that promote (1) recovery or start-up of sustainable and market-based economic activities that generate income now and in the future; (2) peer networks that expand social and economic resources and provide lasting support and promote business success; (3)financial literacy, business, life and technical skills that are transferable in situations of resettlement, return, or local integration; and (4) capacities to avoid or withstand shocks, stabilize cash flows, and build assets. NEF supports individuals’ safe livelihoods, equality, and protection through outreach efforts that engage families, community leaders, and local governments.NEF’s approach ensures sustainability and works towards durable solutions by building the capacity of and mobilizing activities through community-based livelihoods support hubs that can continue and expand services after the project ends. Local partner IAA was selected based on its successful work and trusted relationships with Iraqi communities and through a careful analysis of their experience in supporting livelihoods, community engagement, and rights-based and economic programming with women and youth. Using a TOT and learn-by-doing phased approach, NEF builds the technical skills and capacity of local and partner staff, enabling them to own and sustain the program’s strategies well into the future. Field staff at community-based hubs develop and deliver tailored training and support in technical capacities such as market analysis, adult learning, database development and management, business development coaching and mentoring, monitoring and evaluation practice, financial management, and beneficiary tracking and data protection. Project-formed local committees guide project activities, manage hubs, and help generate local awareness and ownership of Siraj centers. From the outset of the project, NEF engages with local community leadership (local government, private sector, MOLSA, and civil society) and incorporates diverse stakeholders to ensure strong connections with relevant community and response partners that can foster an effective and efficient project transition strategy. By working with women, youth and other stakeholders on a number of interrelated levels, it is envisaged that the links created between Siraj centers within Iraq, between women and youth, and among various groups and networks will continue following the end of the project For example, respondents in the Market and Livelihoods Capacity Assessment reported they were unaware of VT Centers in their communities. The project links VT activities with MOLSA VT centers to promote long-term access to skill-building. Similarly, the Community Rehabilitation Initiatives not only build youth skills, but also build important relationships between youth and other community members, including government, private sector, and civil society, and contribute to an ethic of volunteerism and civic engagement that will endure beyond the project itself. Finally, peer networks create social and economic relationships that are self-sustaining, easily replicated, and durable--contributing to the long term social and economic success of beneficiaries._Improved economic well-being and protection for 1,080 vulnerable Iraqi IDPs, returnees, and host community households (Y1/Y2: 540)._**Locations and Target Communities:**_ NEF will work with _partner_ _**Iraqi Al Amal (IAA)**_ to serve vulnerable communities in **Tikrit** (Salah al Din governorate) and **Ba’quba** (Diyala governorate). In Salah al-Din (128,484 IDPs, 601,866 returnees; 74,000 host community members in need), Tikrit district hosts 45,804 IDPs and 171,336 returnees. In Diyala (58,254 IDPs, 223,326 returnees; 33,000 host community members in need), Ba’quba district hosts 24,084 IDPs. NEF will site livelihoods hubs (Siraj Centers) in target neighborhoods that are proximate to a high density of IDPs/returnees: **Tikrit’s Al Jamia neighborhood** (34.5942, 43.6804) and **Ba’quba’s Al Yarmouk neighborhood** (33.7519, 44.5988); project target neighborhoods host 14,496 IDPs and 43,506 returnees in Tikrit and 14,946 IDPs in Ba’quba (see _annexed_Map and IDPs/returnee populations in target area neighborhoods). Tikrit is predominantly Sunni, while Ba’quba includes Sunni, Shia, Kurdish, and other minorities. Over **24 months**, NEF and IAA will support **1,080 direct participants (Y1: 540; Y2: 540)** including **70% Iraqi IDPs/returnees, 50% women** and **50% youth (age 18-25)**. ​Iraq Al Amal (“IAA”),Akvo FoundationNear East FoundationRabih YazbeckSenior Vice President of Programs and Impactryazbeck@neareast.orghttps://www.neareast.org/what-we-do/110 West Fayette Street, Suite 710; Syracuse, NY 1321034.5990025 43.67502533.7517053 44.60807081300311.00545981.00147052.0017800.00947443.00958651.001141383.0034362.005092983.00​GB-CHC-1150993-PRM-IV-LBNear East FoundationReducing the Vulnerability of Syrian Refugees and Lebanese in Lebanon IVReduced social and economic vulnerability of 3,990 refugees and Lebanese households: (1) 2/3 of CBOs expand and/or replicate their services in a new region, without project support, and/or facilitating sustainable linkages with and graduation into national systems; (2) 70% of business development (BD) grantees report increased ability of HH to meet basic needs; (3) 90% of women beneficiaries report increased feelings of self-confidence/ agency. The project _**Theory of Change**_ is that with better access to services, information, and targeted support, refugees and vulnerable Lebanese can and will engage in safe economic activities to reduce debt and aid dependency, protect against shocks, stabilize food and HH purchases, and avoid high-risk and/or illegal employment and harmful coping strategies. The project will address the _**problems**_ of poverty, marginalization, and aid reliance through integrated _**program activities**__\_\_\_\_\_\_\_involving targeted social and economic asset building (skills training, business support, access to start-up funds/savings, peer networking, integrated SGBV and protection) to support autonomy and increased resilience. Activities are delivered through sustainable, community-based hubs that embed livelihoods support capacities in CBOs and promote access to services in accessible, safe platforms that are open to all communities. Activities will achieve _**measurable outcomes**_**:**_\_\_\_ improved capacities (life, business development, technical skills), engagement in new/expanded economic activities (home-based IGAs) and income generation (\_adults_) and increased confidence and adoption of positive coping strategies (\_adolescents_).The NEF is promoting increased economic empowerment of vulnerable individuals in Lebanon, including refugees and poor and marginalized women and youth, through capacity building and support for market-linked skills development, as well as the provision of Business Development (BD) services to new and existing IGAs for refugees and MSMEs for host communities. These efforts are intended to support self-sufficiency and protection among target beneficiaries by expanding their access to economic and social resources. The regions under study are characterized by high levels of poverty, lack of productive infrastructure, and reliance on informal sectors such as agriculture, informal trade, service businesses, and construction. The influx of refugees fleeing the Syrian crisis severely impacted the region by increasing pressure on wages and competition between workers. However, the increased demand for goods and services stemming from this influx has also generated opportunities in several sectors. With an estimated 1.5 million Syrian refugees and approximately 300,000 Palestinian and other refugees, Lebanon has the highest number of refugees per capita in the world. Indeed, it has become common knowledge that Lebanon’s limited infrastructure and resources are under immense pressure. The strain to provide basic services is felt particularly among urban refugee communities. The socioeconomic crisis, exacerbated by the Syrian crisis, also affects women and children by exposing them to increasing violence, including GBV. Child marriage, child labor, and school dropout rates are also on the rise as negative coping mechanisms, especially among Syrian refugees. A rapid expansion of the safety net and facilitated and subsidized access to basic services such as education and health is needed to prevent refugees from falling further into poverty, and thereby feeling forced to take decisions exposing them to serious protection risks. In parallel, efforts to recover and revive the economy and productive sector, and to develop the social protection system, will need to be inclusive of the refugee population in order to stabilize the situation and not leave them behind. Lebanon has been suffering from a continuously deteriorating financial crisis that had started looming in September 2019. Massive currency devaluation, multiple exchange rates, hyperinflation, unemployment and economic contraction are some of the facets of a currency crisis that resulted from four longstanding, intractable and connected crises: 1) an economy that is highly dollarized and reliant on external financing; 2) a currency crisis caused by shortage of foreign currency that is much needed to support the local currency; 3) large public deficit and debt; and 4) contraction of the economy (International Alert, 2020). Exacerbated by the COVID-19 and the Beirut port blast on August 4, 2020, livelihoods of many in Lebanon has been severely affected; the compounding crises have hit the most vulnerable Lebanese and refugee families the hardest. Over the last 18 months, the Lebanese currency lost more than 85% of its value. Prices have skyrocketed, and mere survival has become out of reach for Syrian refugee families as well as Lebanese vulnerable families. Inflation impacted food prices significantly. Between October 2019 and June 2021, the cost of food increased by 404%, resulting in worrisome food insecurity levels among Syrian refugee families pushing almost the entire refugee population to below the SMEB. In June 2021, 49% of Syrian refugee families were food insecure. Families have been resorting to negative coping mechanisms such as begging, borrowing money, not sending their children to school, reducing health expenses, or not paying rent. About two-thirds of the families had to limit food portion sizes or reduce the number of meals consumed per day and even with more Syrian refugees working, the amount of income that the HH gains from employment is still a fifth of the SMEB (VASyR, 2021). Women, men, and children are disproportionately affected by the compounding crisis which has generally increased vulnerability of FHH. Unemployment for women was double than that for men: 27% of men were unemployed compared to 42% of women, and FHH reported being less able to access medications: 81% of FHH and 69% of MHH said they were unable to access medication. While FHH (13%) were more commonly being hosted for free than MHH (7%), this makes females to more vulnerable to exploitation by shelter owners. Syrian refugee children are bearing the brunt of the crisis. Primary school attendance for children between 6 and 14 years old dropped by 25% in 2021. In addition, the upward trend in child labor among Syrian children continued in 2021, with at least 27,825 Syrian refugee children currently engaged in child labour. For girls 15-18 years old, 22%do not attend due to marriage compared to 0.1%for boys. This is even higher for women 19-24 years old, 58% of whom are not attending due to marriage compared to 14% of men (VasyR, 2021). Within this context, NEF has conducted a project funded by the BPRM, “Reducing Vulnerability of Syrian Refugees and Lebanese in Lebanon.” The project, which began in September 2016, has run for over four consecutive years. NEF has worked with local partners (local NGOs) to implement project activities through Siraj centers (community-based livelihood support hubs) located in the Akkar, Bekaa, and North governorates. NEF’s proven Siraj model (community-based, full-cycle entrepreneurship with complementary services) enables refugees and vulnerable Lebanese to safely access training, financial resources, and advisory services to start IGAs, improve business skills and financial literacy, build social networks, or find referrals. The centers also provide information on a range of other services, such as aid, vocational trainings, psycho-social support, and legal and refugee registration._**Activity 1.1: Strengthen the capacity of 3 CBOs to design and deliver Siraj services**_ _sustainably.Activity 1.1(a): Improve the institutional sustainability of four Siraj Centres and their ability to offer services in new regions without project support._ _Activity 1.1(b): Expand the technical capacity of 22 CBO staff members and volunteers at four hubs to provide information and business support._ _**Activity 1.2: Increase access to information, counseling, and referrals for 3,990 vulnerable individuals (≥50% Syrian refugees; 70% women).**_ _Activity 1.2(a): Conduct community outreach and vulnerability assessments through door-to-door canvassing to 2,000 beneficiaries and select 1,590 vulnerable project participants. _ _Activity 1.2(b): Provide information, counselling and access to services to 2,400 individuals visiting Siraj hubs. _ _Activity 1.2(c): Refer protection cases to corresponding service providers for 640 _ _beneficiaries._ _**Activity 2.1: Provide sequenced training to build the life skills, financial literacy, protection,**_ _and technical skills of 1,575 refugees, other POC and vulnerable Lebanese (≥50% Syrian refugees; 70% women).NEF will ensure that 70% of selected businesses are new businesses and 30% are existing businesses that are struggling. Existing businesses will be identified at the VA stage by assessing business conditions (e.g. profits, revenues, sales, and productivity) and potential project benefits. Participants will not be selected from previous programs. CBO Master Trainers will provide 7-day sequenced training in life and business skills, integrated with protection themes, to 1,575 participants selected under Activity 1.2(a) (435 in each of Kantari, Taanayel, and Halba, and 270 in Tripoli). This increased number of training days will allow expansion of the business continuity management module (i.e., business management in time of economic crisis and in time of public health emergencies) and will provide more time for beneficiaries to improve business models with support from the Master Trainers._ _2.1(a) Participants will first engage in a life skills and financial literacy training designed to help vulnerable HHs manage irregular finances and unexpected costs and mitigate risks associated with harmful coping strategies._ _2.1(b) Participants will also be engaged in a business development training (BDT), using NEF’s tested curriculum, which helps participants assess the viability of ideas, design business plans, and develop practical management skills._ _**Activity 2.2: Provide rapid technical skills training for 210 individuals (≥50% Syrian refugees;70% women) struggling businesses) (≥50% Syrian refugees; 70% women).**__in market-linked technical training programs with tuition support or training held at Siraj Centers. Topics will be driven by beneficiary demand and based on the market and livelihoods assessments. Previously, they have included: trade, food processing, marketing, hairdressing, beautician, and tailoring. NEF will engage third party training providers (selected in a competitive process) to deliver the rapid technical training programs to 210 beneficiaries (60 in each of Kantari, Taanayel, and Halba, and 30 in Tripoli). Throughout the past four years, NEF conducted a robust mapping of vocational and technical training services and built linkages with providers of high-quality training in dozens of technical skill areas._ _**Activity 2.3: Provide cash grants to 1,335 individuals (70% new businesses and 30% existing**__NEF will provide participants who have completed training and developed a viable business or household resilience plan (85% of Revised July 9, 2020; Revised December 2, 2020 13 trainees) with financial support (avg. $850) in the form of unconditional cash grants (refugees) or start-up grants (Lebanese) to support the creation of home-based IGAs/MSMEs. NEF expects most recipients (>95%) will invest in productive IGAs; data from past NEF experience show that 96% of cash recipients started IGAs. In total, 1,335 individuals will receive grants (370 in each of Kantari, Taanayel, and Halba, and 225 in Tripoli). Local grant committees, made up of NEF and CBO staff and master trainers, will review business and household resilience plans. The committee will select refugees to receive grants based on completion of the BDT and submission of a feasible plan. Lebanese participants will be evaluated for grants based on participation in and completion of the BDT, submission and scoring of their business plan, and recommendation from the committee of business feasibility._ _**Activity 2.4: Provide advanced training to 15 existing high-potential home-based IGAs or MSMEs (≥50% Syrian refugees; 70% women).**__Selected beneficiaries from each area will receive advanced business development training(ABDT) over four days in small groups, focused on expansion and acceleration strategies, accessto finance, business continuity and risk management, marketing, business formalization, job growth and matching, inclusion, and decent work. Master Trainers to deliver ABDT to selected beneficiaries. NEF and CBO staff will select participants based on their demonstrated success in launching and managing their business following the initial training and grant support, prioritizing those who show highest growth potential. The advanced training will support help beneficiaries learn when and how to expand their businesses and how to manage expansion._ _**Activity 2.5: Provide small group coaching to 945 participants.**__Coaches from NEF, CBOs,microfinance organizations, private sector, or government/public sector representatives will deliver practical information to small groups of beneficiaries on topics relevant to daily operations (e.g., pricing, marketing, branding). Siraj Center teams will organize coaching session for 945 beneficiaries (275 in each of Kantari, Taanayel, and Halba, and 120 in Tripoli) by gender and Revised July 9, 2020; Revised December 2, 2020 14 market sector. NEF will engage subject matter experts to provide tailored coaching based on the needs and interests of participants. Based on past experience, specialized coaching may include topics such as marketing, hygiene standards, web design, pricing, time management, business registration and legalization, branding, packaging, online marketing and sale, storage,transportation, and access to finance. Both formal sessions and informal counselling will be available to entrepreneurs throughout the program._ _**Activity 2.6: Facilitate women’s business support networks with 405 women.**__Siraj-facilitated women’s peer business networks play the dual role of supporting business success and building social networks. These networks (usually comprised of 15-20 individuals) meet regularly (generally weekly over a two month period). They offer a safe platform for women to learn from peers, share business challenges and ideas, foster business collaboration, reduce social isolation and tension, build confidence, and create bridges between refugee and host communities. CBO partners will support peer networks to organize marketing events, negotiate business transactions,and build social cohesion across group members._ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​_Sustainability and Capacity-Building. NEF’s approach fosters sustainable individual strategies and skills and reinforces them through community-based support. The approach is designed to help vulnerable individuals and families move from dependence on short-term aid to self-sufficiency and resilience through community-based livelihood services that develop (1) productive activities that generate a sustainable income; (2) peer networks that expand social and economic resources and provide lasting support; (3) financial literacy, business, life and technical skills that are transferable in situations of resettlement, return, or local integration; and (4) capacities to avoid or withstand shocks, stabilize cash flows, and build assets. NEF supports individuals’ safe livelihoods and protection through outreach efforts that engage families, civil society, and local governments. NEF’s approach ensures institutional sustainability and works towards durable solutions by building the capacity of, and mobilizing activities through, community-based livelihoods support hubs that are run by three local partners and that can continue and expand services after the project ends. Local partners arcenciel and Sanabel El Nour were selected based on their successful work and trusted relationships with target communities and through a careful analysis of their experience supporting entrepreneurship, working with refugees, and conducting programming with women, adolescents, and youth. Current NEF project learning reveals that capacity building activities have enabled local partners to become less dependent programmatically and institutionally on projectfunded activities, thus contributing to the sustainability of the Siraj services. Building on this experience, NEF will further institutionalize this knowledge among the two partner CBOs to support expansion of services and replication in new regions without project support and to facilitate sustainable linkages with, and graduation into, national systems. This will help deliver an effective transition and exit strategy and reinforce the sustainability prospect of Siraj services (project services) and project results in the long term. NEF will focus on four pillars to deliver this strategy (See Annex C, Sustainability of Siraj Services & Results)._Reduced social and economic vulnerability of refugee and Lebanese households. **Objective #1**: 3 CBOs improve capacity to identify and support 3,990 individuals with social and financial resources and with referral services to build resilience and livelihoods. **Objective #2**: 1,590 Syrian refugees, other POC, and vulnerable Lebanese have improved capacities to develop market-linked IGAs and MSMEs++.++_**Target Groups**_ _**Goal: Reduced social and economic vulnerability of 3,990 refugees and Lebanese households**__.Impact: (1) 2/3 of CBOs expand and/or replicate their services in a new region, without project support, and/or facilitating sustainable linkages with and graduation into national systems; (2)70% of business development (BD) grantees report increased ability of HH to meet basic needs;(3) 90% of women beneficiaries report increased feelings of self-confidence/ agency._ArcencielSanabel el NourAkvo FoundationNear East Foundation (NEF)Rabih YazbeckSenior Vice President of Programs and Impact+1 (315) 428-8670ryazbeck@neareast.org110 West Fayette Street, Suite 710; Syracuse, NY 13202arcenciel; Al-Hadatha Association; Sanabel El NourZiad Kmeid,Country RepresentativeCountry Representative, Lebanon+961 (03) 362 520zkmeid@neareast.org34.5328763 36.132813233.8462662 35.901948934.4380625 35.830823333.8937913 35.501776746946.0090600.00431392.0011400.001240496.00471485.00525536.002817855.00U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Population, Refugees, and MigrationNear East Foundation2817855.00U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Population, Refugees, and MigrationNear East Foundation​​​US-EIN-13-1624114-DCFNear East FoundationDCFBRACED aims to create more effective climate adaptation planning and finance by local governments in Mali and Senegal, which will improve communities’ resilience to climate change. In partnership with national and local governments, the project will pilot six devolved decision-making and funding mechanisms in four Départements and three Cercles in Senegal and Mali, respectively, to fund community-prioritized, public good investments that directly build the resilience of 750,000 local people to climate variability and extreme events. The pilot will deliver national policy and improve readiness of local government to draw down, and national government to disburse, global climate finance in support of local adaptation. In Mali and Senegal, climate extremes manifest in droughts, floods and, in Senegal, wildfires. Climate data analysis indicates increases in total rainfall in Mopti (Mali) and Koungheul (Senegal) from mid 90s to present, with “no trend” at nearby stations of Douentza (Mali) and Kaffrine (Senegal), although rainfall records there are incomplete. Maximum temperatures are on an upward trend, and minimum temperatures are also increasing. Extreme variability from year to year is still the norm, which makes long-term climate trends difficult to establish statistically. Climate remains characterized by great inter-annual and rainy season variability, including late onset and/or early termination of rains, significant gaps between ‘useful’ rainy days, and violent late-season storms. Climate extremes challenge the ability of vulnerable people to prosper and, in some cases, to survive. In 2011, for example, rainfall in Mali was 40% less than the 10-year average, resulting in low crop production and leaving 60% of households dependent on humanitarian food aid. Flash floods after heavy rainfall, such as those in Kaffrine in 2013, displace people, put them at risk for physical harm, flood productive areas and destroy crops and infrastructure. In Kaffrine, wildfires are a recurrent and increasingly frequent phenomena, causing significant damage to dry season grazing, stored crops and vegetative cover, and damaging the capacity for soil regeneration. For targeted areas, climate change is expected to yield further increase in temperature, increased frequency and severity of drought and increasingly unpredictable and frequent floods. These effects are expected to have major impacts on food security for rural populations. In the Mopti Region (Mali), 98% of the population are farmers and agro-pastoralists. In the wetlands of the Cercle of Mopti, households combine irrigated and flood-recession family farming with some commercial agriculture, pastoralism and fishing. In the semi-arid and arid Cercles of Koro and Douentza and the Kaffrine Region (Senegal), production systems rely on rainfed cultivation, some irrigation, pastoralism, forestry and seasonal migration. Unpredictable rainfall, combined with periodic drought, undermines crop productivity and pasture regeneration, placing longer-term pressure on tree resources as poor households harvest wood and non-timber forest products (NTFP) to survive. Impacts on trees and shrubs adversely affect women and girls, who are responsible for collection of firewood and NTFP. For fishing communities, low water levels and dried up riverbeds reduce fish production. Transhumant herders find it difficult to maintain seasonal rights to grazing and passage on grasslands and floodplain pastures, which are increasingly occupied by expanding cultivation. Successive years of low agricultural or pastoral productivity due to erratic rainfall patterns and drought erode communities’ asset base (e.g.. livestock, cereal stores) thereby undermining their short-term food security and longer-term capacity to cope with climate extremes and rebuild sustainable livelihoods in years of improved rainfall. Chronic malnutrition affects 32.3% of the population in the Mopti region (Mali) and 24% in Kaffrine region (Senegal). To cope with reduced income from cash crops and commercial ventures, agro-pastoralists increasingly turn to labor migration to diversify their livelihood portfolios. Food and income insecurity in the targeted areas impacts women and girls more intensely than men. Women and youth, who are socially and politically marginalized, are particularly vulnerable to climate extremes because of unequal access to common resources. Women are typically responsible for ensuring family food security but lack control over assets and agricultural inputs. Intra-household food allocations mean that during shortages, women and girls generally eat last, receive less food with lower nutritional value. Women are responsible for collecting water and firewood for cooking, but dwindling ground water and scarce surface water resources mean that women must travel greater distances to find water or use less water for basic hygiene and sanitation. Access to deep (pumped) wells may require unaffordable payments to Water User Associations. When men migrate to find work, women and children left behind may experience increased burdens and income/food insecurity, but these impacts are not well documented – the implications of migration on households will be included in the resilience assessments undertaken at the beginning of the project.The project will produce four outputs through a number of activities: Output 1: Vulnerable communities in three Cercles (Mali) and four Départements (Senegal) benefit from public good investments that build resilience. (A) Convene multi-stakeholder meetings in each Cercle/Département to build common project vision. (B) Establish climate Adaptation Planning Committees at the Commune/CR level to prioritize investments in public goods aimed at strengthening local adaptation and resilience and, once awarded, implement projects, and at the Cercle/Département level to provide oversight on CAPC proposals for resilience investments. (C) Build local government capacity on climate change science, policy and implications for local economies/ecosystems; participatory budgeting that prioritizes women and children; conducting resilience assessments; risk management; and managing and monitoring projects. (D) Conduct Resilience Assessments (RA) to assess vulnerability, stresses and local adaptation strategies and capacities (differentiated by livelihood group, age and gender, with an emphasis on risks specific to women and children). CAPCs will conduct RAs with support from local government planners and project staff. (E) Radio broadcasts to disseminate climate information and promote participation in project activities and government planning. Output 2: Devolved finance and planning mechanisms are established and functional in three Cercles (Mali) and four départements (Senegal) to support community-prioritized investments in public goods that build climate resilience. (A) Mainstream socially inclusive resilience planning into existing systems (B) Expand Climate Information Services (CIS). CIS will be extended to Mopti and Kaffrine regions through a multi-stakeholder platform, linked to existing national systems. (C) Establish six Climate Adaptation Funds. Three CAFs (£500,000 each) will be established in each country. In Mali, each Cercle will have a CAF. In Senegal, two CAFs will be inter-municipal and a third fund, competitive among the 4 Départements, will be managed by a RAPC. In Years 1 and 2, NEF/IED-Afrique will co-manage CAFs to ensure oversight and accountability. In Year 3, control over CAFs will pass fully to local governments. (D) Ensure capacity of adaptation planning committees to manage funds. CAFs will conform to public finance policy and law, have the necessary fiduciary controls to ensure value for money and accountability, and complement local government development budgets. An auditing company will train CAPC, APC, and RAPCs. Output 3: Evidence and learning on the effectiveness of decentralized climate finance investments to improve communities’ resilience is generated and disseminated. (A) Generate project learning through action research. Studies will include RAs, effectiveness of local government planning in building resilience, and economic profiles of each Cercle/Département. Learning will focus on project experience with devolved funding, tools that enable existing planning systems to identify public-good resilience investments, and the contribution of adaptation to delivering more resilient livelihoods and economies. The project will also support Cercle/Départements to design a research agenda, enabling them to commission research that supports planning and investments for climate resilient growth and development. (B) Develop local capacity for monitoring and evaluation. In addition to project M&E, the project will build the capacity of local government to monitor and evaluate resilience (building on RAs, Activity 1.1.4). The M&E system will be designed to track BRACED and appropriate TAMD indicators. Output 4: Mechanisms and processes established for national governments to engage with locally generated evidence.The people of Mali’s Mopti Region and Senegal’s Kaffrine Region are vulnerable to climate extremes because of their strong dependence on natural resources, poor development infrastructure and the limited institutional, technological and financial capacity of local governments to manage climatic shocks and stresses and to support local adaptive strategies. Local governments in Mali and Senegal have limited capacity to build resilience to climate stresses. Existing centralized planning mechanisms (a) are inflexible, top-down, and fragmented across sectors, (b) evidence poor understanding of local coping strategies, (c) reflect limited use of climate information to ensure ‘climate smart’ investments and (d) poorly integrate sustainable development planning with DRR or climate risk management. Further, despite strong evidence that resilient productivity and adaptability are part of rural communities’ livelihoods and institutions, stronger political and economic interests have captured planning systems that do not adequately reflect community adaptation strategies.Policy development through participatory action and learning with key stakeholders is a cornerstone of project design and sustainability. The project will pursue a multi-pronged strategy with communities and national and local governments to share changes that increase their capacity to build resilience to climate extremes through the CAFs. The project seeks to build local ownership and national acceptance of decentralized CAF mechanisms so that they become institutionalized and used widely. By focusing on institutional development and strengthening local capacity, the project will ensure that financing mechanisms can function independently of BRACED in the future. The project will foster buy-in for change by demonstrating that empowered local leadership is central to effective adaptation and resilience investments over time and that viable approaches exist for this approach at scale. The project will deliver on key national climate change and development policy objectives by introducing reforms that work through and strengthen, rather than replace, existing government systems consistent with national policy and legislation. Two pillars of this strategy are (i) working with and through local governments to identify policy and institutional changes required to build resilience to climate extremes, and (ii) closely engaging AEDD and CSE in the project. Seconding project staff to local governments and providing training and technical support to government staff will further build local capacity for continued implementation. This principle has also been followed during the PDG phase, when relevant policy stakeholders were actively involved in the design and leaning process. Through this participatory action-learning process, we expect to generate lessons around: (1) institutional linkages and financial transfer mechanisms from global funds to local decentralized government; (2) decentralized governments’ ability to program inclusive investments for climate adaptation in favor of vulnerable groups (especially women and children); (3) accountability, transparency and effectiveness in delivering adaptation investments locally; and (4) the nature and effectiveness of resilience investments that provide enhanced value for money. These lessons will be important to ensure replicability by government (not project-based) systems in Mali and Senegal as well as in other arid/semi-arid environments. Improved resilience to climate change will be accomplished through achievement of the following objectives: (1) Investment in local, community-prioritized adaptation; (2) Improved climate resilience planning, including use of climate information; (3) Improved local government capacity to distribute devolved climate financing; (4) Encouraging national governments to adopt reforms that are supportive of local resilience. The project will reach 750,000 people through CAF-funded resilience projects – approximately 250,000 in Senegal and 500,000 in Mali. Through the CAF, we expect to fund approximately 75 projects reaching an average of 10,000 people per project. Tis equals 50% of the total population in the targeted areas. Target communities in Mali and Senegal were selected based on their exposure to climate extremes, chronic food deficits, high levels of poverty, and territorial connectivity and variation in ecological zones to facilitate collaboration and learning on natural resource management between communes/CR. Additionally, partners have long-established relationships in these communities, providing a foundation of knowledge, trust and credibility that will facilitate beneficiary participation and successful project implementation. In Mali, NEF will work in 24 communes in Mopti Region, in the three Cercles of Douentza, Koro, and Mopti. The poverty rate is 72% in these Cercles. Agro-pastoralists and farmers (98% of the population) practice a combination of irrigated and flood recession farming, rainfed millet farming, pastoralism, fishing, and agroforestry. In Senegal, IED-Afrique will work in Kaffrine Region, in the four Départements of Kaffrine, Koungheul, Maleme Hoddar, and Birkilane, which include 28 CRs. The region’s poverty rate (63.8%) is significantly higher than the national average (47.6%). Rainfed agriculture, spring-fed crop irrigation, pastoralism, agroforestry and seasonal migration dominate local economic activity.Department for International Development UKInnovations-Environnement-Développement AfriqueIIEDAkvo FoundationNear East FoundationYacouba DemeCountry Director and Regional Program Coordinatorydeme@neareast.org14.4874284 -4.1974626999999614.105202 -15.54157551139149.003047570.002442363.00142512.00194522.002779297.00225072.90Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation290000.00Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation420885.43Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation202051.01Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation199862.69Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation1000000.00Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation284610.09Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation253064.58Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation1000000.00Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation407985.14Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation298876.55Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation747210.00Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation323785.89Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation268120.22Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation161750.00Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation420926.59Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation162362.70Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation36136.46Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation121125.28Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation257206.13Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation483333.00Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation657770.00Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation257363.78Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation343968.83Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation92230.00Department for International Development UKNear East Foundation220819.57Department for International Development UKNear East FoundationMonths of food security from the household survey data were as follows: Mali: Douentza - 5.3; Mopti 7.6; Koro 9.1 Senegal: Birkelane - 8.6; Kaffrine - 8.9; Malem Hodar - 9.2; Koungheul - 9.8Target is 66 % of population to have increased wellbeing as a result of increased resilience (950,000/ 1.448 M +)05-11-2019: 75.9% (1,099,048) of the total population improved their resilience and well-being through the investments. Of the total reached, 554,065 or 50.4% were women. Mali: Douentza - 63%; Mopti - 89%; Koro - 44% Senegal: Birkelane - 68%; Kaffrine - 100%; Malem Hodor - 100%; Koungheul - 100% Results from the household endline in comparison with baseline indicate that 57% of the population has already increased food security (against 66% targeted). Additionally, survey results indicated that 75% of BRACED and BRACED-X beneficiaries had increased their food security.950 000 people are more resilient in the area targeted by the public good investment. Endline household survey in communities. Categorisation exercises what % of households fall into each category compared to baseline. Survey conducted in representative sample with individuals.**Baseline data:** **• Level of resilience / 5 (self-evaluation): Male: 2.71, Female: 2.38, Average: 2.54** • Level of resilience by type of investment: Mali: Drinking water additions (Male: 3.28; Female: 3.15), Vegetable gardens (Male: 2.96; Female: 2.71), Runway development/erosion control (Male 2.40; Female 2.10), Rice perimeters (Male 2.98; Female 2.47), Pond landscaping (Male: 2.84; Female: 2.28) Senegal: Drinking water additions (Male: 2.26; Female: 2.20), Food processing units (Male: 2.57; Female: 2.19); Reforestry (Male 2.69; Female 2.08); Vaccination parks (Male: 2.85; Female: 2.20); School (Male: 2.76; Female: 2.41); Grain stores (Male: 2.12; Female: 2.18); Vegetable gardens (Male: 2.27; Female: 2.23)​05-11-2019: 1,099,048 people are more resilient in the area targeted by the public good investment. • Level of resilience / 5 (self-evaluation): Male: 2.7, Female: 2.54 Average: 2.62 • Level of resilience by type of investment: Mali: Drinking water additions (Male: 2.62; Female: N/A), Vegetable gardens (Male: 3.04; Female: 3.93), Runway development/erosion control (Male 3.64; Female 3.62), Rice perimeters (Male 2.9; Female 2.81), Pond landscaping (Male: 1.98; Female: 2.03) Senegal: Drinking water additions (Male: 2.15; Female: 2.18), Food processing units (Male: 2.69; Female: 2.53); Reforestry (Male 3.06; Female 2.78); Vaccination parks (Male: 2.71; Female: 2.61); School (Male: 2.62; Female: 2.03); Grain stores (Male: 2.41; Female: 2.25); Vegetable gardens (Male: 2.86; Female: 2.56)7 LAs have moved at least 10% compared to Y3 scores on their climate information use defined in the TAMD scorecard adjusted for each LA. Y3 scores: ++Climate change integrated into planning:++ **Mali**: _Cercles_: Mopti, 83.3%; Douentza, 83.3%; Koro, 83.3%. _Communes_: Douentza: Douentza 66.7%, Koubewel Koundia 75%; Mopti: Konna 66.7%, Sio 83.3%; Koro: Koro 58.3%, Pel Maounde 58.3% **Senegal**: _Departments_: Kaffrine 83.3%; Birkelane 66.7%; Malem Hodar 66.7%; Koungheul 66.7% _Communes_: Kaffrine: Boulel 66.7%, Kahi 83.3%, Birkelane: Mabo 83.3%, Keur Mboucky 75%, Malem Hodor: Sagna 66.7%, Diancké Souf 83.3%, Koungheul: Lour Escale 58.3%, Missira Wadene 75%. ++Climate information++ **Mali**: _Cercles_: Mopti, 58.3%; Douentza, 66.7%; Koro, 75%. _Communes_: Douentza: Douentza 58.3%, Koubewel Koundia 58.3%; Mopti: Konna 83.3%, Sio 58.3%; Koro: Koro 75%, Pel Maounde 75% **Senegal**: _Departments_: Kaffrine 83.3%; Birkelane 58.3%; Malem Hodar 50%; Koungheul 50% _Communes_: Kaffrine: Boulel 16.7%, Kahi 33.3%, Birkelane: Mabo 66.7%, Keur Mboucky 66.7%, Malem Hodor: Sagna 16.7%, Diancké Souf 33.3%, Koungheul: Lour Escale 50%, Missira Wadene 83.3%.05-11-2019: Y4 TAMD (below) can now be compared against baseline scores to evaluate progress towards project targets: Climate change integrated into planning: Mali: Cercles: Mopti, 100%; Douentza, 100%; Koro, 100%. Communes: Douentza: Douentza 83.3%, Koubewel Koundia 91.7%; Mopti: Konna 83.3%, Sio 100%; Koro: Koro 100%, Pel Maounde 83.3% Senegal: Departments: Kaffrine 100%; Birkelane 66.7%; Malem Hodar 91.7%; Koungheul 100% Communes: Kaffrine: Boulel 66.7%, Kahi 91.7%, Birkelane: Mabo 83.3%, Keur Mboucky 91.7%, Malem Hodor: Sagna 100%, Diancké Souf 100%, Koungheul: Lour Escale 100%, Missira Wadene 83.3%. Climate information Mali: Cercles: Mopti, 83.3%; Douentza, 100%; Koro, 100%. Communes: Douentza: Douentza 91.7%, Koubewel Koundia 91.7%; Mopti: Konna 100%, Sio 100%; Koro: Koro 100%, Pel Maounde 50%Analysis of existing M&E system shows us that there are existing systems for M&E but they are largely not functioning due to lack of capacity and resources. They also focus on outputs rather than outcomes. There is a lack of data.At least 4 local governments applying refined TAMD Track 1 and Track 2 indicators to support resilience and tracking outcomes.05-11-2019: 63 local government entities applying refined TAMD Track 1 and Track 2 indicators to support resilience and tracking outcomes. These not only include the 3 cercle-level (Mali) and 4 department-level (Senegal) governments, but also the 24 commune-level governments in Mali and 32 commune-level governments in Senegal who are already engaged in adaptation committee activities at various levels of the system, including monitoring and evaluating the 150 investments using simplified investment-specific theories of change.Y3 TAMD data (below) to be compared against Y4 data for indicator target. Y3 is effectively the baseline data in this instance: ​ ++Institutional coordination on integration (2)++ **Mali**: _Cercles_: Mopti 70%, Douentza 70%, Koro 70%. _Communes_: Douentza: Douentza 70%, Koubewel Koundia 80%; Mopti: Konna 70%, Sio 40%; Koro: Koro 60%, Pel Maounde: 60% **Senegal**: _Departements_: Kaffrine 60%, Birkelane 30%, Malem Hodar 60%, Koungheul 80% _Communes_: Kaffrine: Boulel 40%, Kahi 70%; Birkelane: Mabo 80%, Keur Mboucky 80%; Malem Hodar: Sagna 60%, Diancké Souf 60%; Koungheul: Lour Escale 30%, Missira Wadene 80%. ​ ++Budgeting and finance (3)++ **Mali**: _Cercles_: Mopti 66.7%, Douentza 75%, Koro 66.7%. _Communes_: Douentza: Douentza 50%, Koubewel Koundia 83.3%; Mopti: Konna 66.7%, Sio 66.7%; Koro: Koro 83.3%, Pel Maounde: 83.3% **Senegal**: _Departements_: Kaffrine 83.3%, Birkelane 66.7%, Malem Hodar 66.7%, Koungheul 75% _Communes_: Kaffrine: Boulel 33.3%, Kahi 75%; Birkelane: Mabo 66.7%, Keur Mboucky 58.3%; Malem Hodar: Sagna 50%, Diancké Souf 66.7%; Koungheul: Lour Escale 83.3%, Missira Wadene 66.7%. ​ ++Institutional knowledge and capacities (4)++ **Mali**: _Cercles_: Mopti 85.7%, Douentza 71.4%, Koro 71.4%. _Communes_: Douentza: Douentza 57.1%, Koubewel Koundia 73.8%; Mopti: Konna 85.7%, Sio 79.8%; Koro: Koro 73.8%, Pel Maounde: 73.8% **Senegal**: _Departements_: Kaffrine 85.7%, Birkelane 85.7%, Malem Hodar 14.3%, Koungheul 42.9% _Communes_: Kaffrine: Boulel 14.3%, Kahi 73.8%; Birkelane: Mabo 85.7%, Keur Mboucky 79.8%; Malem Hodar: Sagna 0%, Diancké Souf 73.8%; Koungheul: Lour Escale 57.1%, Missira Wadene 85.7%.No. of LAs with improvement by 20% compared to their Y3 score, derived from changes in at least two areas (across TAMD Indicators 2-4)05-11-2019: Compare Y4 TAMD (below) against baseline scores to evaluate progress towards project targets: Institutional coordination on integration (2) Mali: Cercles: Mopti 80%, Douentza 90%, Koro 80%. Communes: Douentza: Douentza 90%, Koubewel Koundia 90%; Mopti: Konna 90%, Sio 90%; Koro: Koro 60%, Pel Maounde: 80% Senegal: Departements: Kaffrine 80%, Birkelane 50%, Malem Hodar 80%, Koungheul 100% Communes: Kaffrine: Boulel 60%, Kahi 100%; Birkelane: Mabo 80%, Keur Mboucky 80%; Malem Hodar: Sagna 90%, Diancké Souf 100%; Koungheul: Lour Escale 100%, Missira Wadene 100%. Budgeting and finance (3) Mali: Cercles: Mopti 91.7%, Douentza 91.7%, Koro 91.7%. Communes: Douentza: Douentza 100%, Koubewel Koundia 91.7%; Mopti: Konna 100%, Sio 75%; Koro: Koro 87.3%, Pel Maounde: 87.3% Senegal: Departements: Kaffrine 91.7%, Birkelane 58.3%, Malem Hodar 83.3%, Koungheul 75% Communes: Kaffrine: Boulel 75%, Kahi 91.7%; Birkelane: Mabo 75%, Keur Mboucky 91.7%; Malem Hodar: Sagna 75%, Diancké Souf 100%; Koungheul: Lour Escale 91.7%, Missira Wadene 66.7%. Institutional knowledge and capacities (4) Mali: Cercles: Mopti 100%, Douentza 100%, Koro 92.9%. Communes: Douentza: Douentza 100%, Koubewel Koundia 100%; Mopti: Konna 100%, Sio 85.7%; Koro: Koro 92.9%, Pel Maounde: 100% Senegal: Departements: Kaffrine 100%, Birkelane 64.3%, Malem Hodar 57.1%, Koungheul 100% Communes: Kaffrine: Boulel 85.7%, Kahi 85.7%; Birkelane: Mabo 50%, Keur Mboucky 50%; Malem Hodar: Sagna 92.9%, Diancké Souf 100%; Koungheul: Lour Escale 71.4%, Missira Wadene 71.4%.​175 trainings or capacity building events / >50% of participants rate the training or event positively05-11-2019: DCF held 20 training or capacity-building events with at least 50% of individuals rating the training or events, reaching a total of 967 individuals of which 314 were women. Over a 4-year period, DCF has collectively held 178 training or capacity-building events for 4,292, including 1,221 women) with at least 50% of attendees rating the event or training positively. Mali: 15 training or capacity building events with 714 participants, including 214 women: Senegal: 5 training or capacity building events with 253 participants, including 100 women2 Sahel countries05-11-2019: 2 Sahel countries_Disaggregation by country:_ **Mali**: 105 **Senegal:** 8505-11-2019: Mali: 107 Senegal: 92_Disaggregation:_ **Internal:** 2 **External**: 101 in Senegal; 106 in Mali05-11-2019: Internal: 2 External: 207 101 in Senegal: 89 management committees + 8 department level entities + 2 commune level entities + 2 regional level entity 106 in Mali: 61 management committees + 6 cercle level entities + 37 commune level entities + 2 regional level entity05-11-2019: Mali: 12 PDSECs developed incorporating climate change adaptation and risk reduction. Senegal: 2 communes, Maka Yopp and Dianke Souf, integrated climate change adaptation considerations into Plans de Développement Communal (PDC).​No public goods funded to date by other climate funds similar to DCF in 2015. Y3 description of CAF status below, which effectively serves as baseline: All 4 climate adaptations funds - 3 in Mali and 1 in Senegal - are currently operational, though dormant, and stand ready to channel BRACED-X funding to finance additional CAF investments. As of Milestone 3 (December 2017), CAFs disbursed 566,625 GBP, 596,568 GBP, and 575,979 GBP in climate adaptation funding to finance 48 resilience-building goods investments at the cercle level in Douentza, Mopti, and Koro respectively. In Senegal, 1 CAF fund nested at the national level has disbursed 1,169,788 GBP in funds to the department level to finance 75 resilience-building goods investments.05-11-2019: All 4 climate adaptations funds - 3 in Mali and 1 in Senegal - operational and channelling BRACED-X funding to finance CAF investments. A total of 150 investments were funded for a total of £3,578,986.100% of BRACED-X investments selected with improved tools and processes compared to Y305-11-2019: 100% of 27 (13 in Mali; 14 in Senegal) BRACED-X investments are selected with improved tools and processes. - 70% drinking water additions (78% Senegal; 61% Mali) - 15% vegetable gardens (30% Mali) - 7% anti-corrosion measures (7% Senegal; 8%Mali) - 3% pond landscaping (7% Senegal) - 3% forestry (7% Senegal)At least 50% women05-11-2019: 1,099,048 direct beneficiaries (50.4% women, 60% youth) are reached by 150 financial investments currently in operation, of which 612,232 are in Mali (48.5% women, 60% youth) and 486,816 are in Senegal (51% women, 60% youth).75% of beneficiaries report involvement in the CAF process that led to their local investment05-11-2019: Across both countries, 32% of household respondents reported being involved in the DCF project at some stage (33% for BRACED households have mentioned taking part in the CAF process against of 28% of BRACED-X households). Differences can be observed between countries which is linked to the specific DCF models applied in each country (see Final Evaluation). In Mali, 46% of households mentioned being involved in the DCF process at some stage. 83% of respondents mentioned they could feel the effects of the BRACED investments on their community. In Senegal, 17% of households reported participating in the DCF process leading to their local investment. 57% of respondents mentioned they could feel the effects of the BRACED investments on their community. We note however that qualitative research pieces (social inclusion study and the final evaluation) finds the levels of social inclusion to be very positive. We extrapolate that the survey questions perhaps did not capture all nuances and levels of participation in communities, which are better captured qualitatively.14 products demonstrate the varied effectiveness of investments to build resilience05-11-2019: DCF finalized the production of 4 knowledge products between January 2018 and March 2019. Knowledge products were submitted in June 2019, as typesetting, translations and stylistic adjustments were made in the months of April and May. In total, 16 total knowledge products were produced through the four years of the project. BRACED-X knowledge products include: • DCF Stabilisation Document • Two DCF Manuals (one per country) • A study focusing on the social inclusion of the DCF processes and mechanisms entitled "Impact and Pertinence of the DCF Mechanism"2500 downloads, 16 media citations and a presence on social media05-11-2019: To date, BRACED knowledge products have been downloaded 2,756 times from the NEF and IIED websites – 598 in Y1, 1,055 in Y2, 316 in Period 3, and 787 in Period 4. Our social media presence, first launched in Y1, continues to connect stakeholders to BRACED-related news and updates. The DCF project has been cited in media pieces 20 times as of the Y4 milestone. 5 instances were in printed publications: Le Soleil, Sud Quotidien, Reuters, ReliefWeb, and the Guardian. 11 were in online news publications, including: the 4 by the Senegalese Press Agency, 3 by Reuters, and 1 each for Seneweb, Senego, Senegal Niooz, Relief Web. 4 instances were via radio,: DCF staff in Senegal sat down for interviews with Kaffrine FM, Koungheul FM, Pakala FM, and Birkelane FM.National government institutions take concrete steps to facilitate local risk management related to climate shocks2 (ANICT, either CSE or PNDL, as result of the accreditation and/or platform support)05-11-2019: 2 government insitutions Mali: ANICT has submitted an application for accreditation to the GCF with a concept note for Enhanced Direct Access that aims to obtain additional funding for decentralized climate finance. Senegal:- The National Platform has facilitated the development of a proposal to be submitted to the Green Climate Fund. This proposal is being developed with an eye towards continuing and capitalizing upon the progress made by the DCF project in Senegal.US-EIN-13-1624114-24812Near East FoundationPASARC-MLe Projet d'Appui à la Sécurité Alimentaire et la Résilience des populations aux Crises climatiques et Sociales dans la Région de Mopti (PASARC-M) est une activité conçue et mise en œuvre par I'ONG internationale Near East Foundation (NEF) dans la Région de Mopti au Mali. Ce projet, d'une durée de 60 mois, est financé par l’Ambassade des Pays-Bas à Bamako. II a comme objectifs spécifiques : 1. Améliorer la résilience et la sécurité alimentaire de 100.000 personnes dans 20 communes rurales à travers 80 initiatives communautaires et 200 activités collaboratives génératrices de revenus. 2. Doter 20 collectivités territoriales de plans et conventions pour améliorer la résilience et la sécurité alimentaire des populations. 3. Renforcer les capacités des populations pour assurer la sécurité alimentaire à travers la gestion durable des ressources naturelles et la gestion concertée des conflits de 40 associations représentatives. 4. Promouvoir le dialogue public sur les liens entre la sécurité alimentaire et les conflits, la collaboration et la paix dans 20 collectivités territoriales. Au titre de l’avenant (début 2015) les objectifs visés sont : 5. Contribuer à la couverture des besoins en eau du bétail (71 000 têtes) dans la commune de Gandamia 6. Améliorer la production alimentaire et les revenus de 822 ménages dans les communes de Gandamia et Petaka (Cercle de Douentza) et de Youwarou (Cercle de Youwarou). Il s’agit à travers la réalisation de ces objectifs, de contribuer à la réduction de l’insécurité alimentaire et de la vulnérabilité des populations aux impacts des crises climatiques et sociales dans la 5ème région du Mali.Situé au sud de la région de Tombouctou, la région de Mopti est le foyer de 2.037.330 personnes (RACE 2009) vivant dans 8 Cercles, 103 Communes Rurales, 5 Communes Urbaines et 2.038 villages et fractions. Il est à cheval entre la zone sahélienne (isohyètes 150 à 550 mm) et la zone soudanienne Nord (isohyètes 550 à 750 mm). La première zone est caractérisée par un régime aride à semi-aride. La région de Mopti est frontalière des régions du nord affectées par la rébellion qui a eu pour conséquences une crise humanitaire, l’insécurité et le déplacement des populations vers les autres régions non occupées. La gestion des conséquences de cette situation se manifeste dans la solidarité et l’appui aux populations déplacées sous forme d’aide d’urgence par de nombreuses initiatives soutenues par les partenaires au développement. Le projet s’inscrit dans une dynamique de développement durable par le renforcement des moyens d’existence et de résilience d’une part et de gestion des situations conflictuelles et post conflictuelles d’autre part.La NEF propose un projet qui vise à créer une nouvelle dynamique de dialogue inclusive utilisant les conventions locales de GRN et offrant des avantages tangibles en matière de sécurité alimentaire et de renforcement des relations de confiance et d'intérêt mutuel par la gestion concertée des ressources naturelles. Le projet proposé mettra à profit les ressources naturelles comme plate-forme et fondation des moyens de subsistance locaux pour: (1) faciliter la réconciliation entre les groupes en conflit, (2) créer des opportunités économiques grâce aux efforts concertés, et (3) engager la collaboration et la consolidation de la paix. A ce titre, il renforcera la capacité des communautés cibles à: identifier, évaluer et gérer les conflits entre les groupes cibles ; atténuer les effets dus au changement climatique ; et accompagner les initiatives communautaires de gestion des ressources visant à la réconciliation, à un meilleur accès aux services et opportunités de génération de revenus, et à la sécurité alimentaire.Même dans le meilleur des cas, les populations rurales de la région de Mopti n’arrivent plus à produire suffisamment de nourriture pour survivre. Une stratégie d'adaptation clé serait de diversifier les activités et le mode de production. La catastrophique sécheresse de la campagne agricole 2011-12 ; le coup d'État du 22 mars 2012 qui a paralysé les services gouvernementaux conduisant à l’inertie de l’administration et l'occupation du Nord par les rebelles ont fini par placer les populations de la région de Mopti dans une situation désespérée. L'afflux de personnes et des animaux chassés du Nord a amplifié la concurrence sur les ressources exacerbant ainsi les sources de conflits. Causes et principales sources de conflit liées aux ressources naturelles dans la région de Mopti • Conflit foncier entre villages ou entre agriculteurs (ex. Sendegué et Gouloumbo dans le Korombana sur la plaine de Simay) • Conflit d’accès aux pâturages entre éleveurs (ex: les gestionnaires de bourgou de Konna) • Conflit d’accès aux points d’eau entre éleveurs (Douentza) • Conflit d’accès aux ressources ligneuses entre villages résidents et utilisateurs allochtones (forets de Boré dans le kelka) • Conflit entre agriculteurs et éleveurs relatif aux dégâts des animaux dans les champs (fréquent partout) Niveaux d'insécurité alimentaire en avril 2013 dans la zone d'intervention du projet (données collectées lors de l'étude de base), calculé en % de la population ayant moins de 3 mois de sécurité alimentaire: • Ensemble des 7 cercles enquêtes: 44% • Cercle de Youwarou = 66% • Cercle de Tenenkou = 64% • Cercle de Douenza = 44% • Cercle de Bandiagara = 43% • Cercle de Djenne = 38% • Cercle de Mopti = 37% • Cercle de Bankass = 13%Le programme vise à renforcer la capacité des populations, les jeunes, les femmes, et les dirigeants locaux dans la région de Mopti pour gérer les conflits de manière constructive et de créer une fondation pour la paix par le biais inclusif de la collaboration en matière de GRN. Le projet permettra d'atteindre cet objectif en mettant l'accent sur le processus de développement institutionnel local, notamment sur les activités qui revêtent une importance concrète (moyens de subsistance locaux, la sécurité alimentaire, la gestion durable des ressources naturelles, la génération de revenus). Il met particulièrement l'accent sur la création d'opportunités de revenus pour les jeunes vulnérables marginalisés et les femmes. ¬ Il s'inscrit dans le cadre plus large du CSCRP et de l'initiative du Mali pour apporter la paix et la stabilité dans le Nord. Il contribue également directement à l’accélération de la croissance économique et de la réduction de la pauvreté qui est le lit des frustrations et des velléités de violence. ¬ Un objectif intermédiaire est d'améliorer les revenus et les conditions environnementales basées sur la Gestion durable des RN (terres agricoles, pâturages, forêts et pêches) à travers un niveau de la planification et d'action adaptée. Le programme se traduira par des améliorations tangibles dans les conditions d’exploitation et de gestion durable des ressources naturelles. Le Fonds de collaboration GRN aidera à créer des entreprises commerciales en collaboration avec le double objectif de réconciliation et de revenus, avec le flux de revenus ; ce qui incite à entretenir des relations et continuer à construire la confiance au fil du temps, en particulier chez les jeunes. ¬ La démocratie et les impacts des communications seront au centre des attentions. L’expérience de la NEF au cours des 15 dernières années a souligné l'importance de la « participation » à partir d'un point de vue juridique, d'un point de vue "buy-in", et à partir d'un point de vue des relations. L’élaboration de conventions locales et de plans de gestion et d’utilisation des terres est un exercice pratique sur l'engagement civique qui favorise un dialogue constructif et la réactivité des communautés locales. Il joue un rôle essentiel dans le maintien de l'impact du projet, et les avantages se poursuivent dans de nombreux domaines de la gouvernance locale. La GRN peut aider à briser les barrières de la communication et la participation qui se dressent entre les élus de leurs électeurs et entre les citoyens et les fonctionnaires. L’accent sera mis sur la longue expérience de la NEF avec les radios rurales et la presse locale (y compris une expérience significative avec le programme de démocratisation) pour utiliser et catalyser un dialogue social élargi. Le programme soutiendra les objectifs de l'Ambassade Royale des Pays Bas, de la paix et la stabilité en facilitant le dialogue constructif, la négociation et la collaboration entre les diverses populations, la formation et le renforcement des capacités pour la gestion des conflits et la réconciliation, la création d'opportunités de revenus pour les jeunes, le renforcement de la position des femmes et des jeunes en tant qu'acteurs du changement, et la diffusion de messages de paix à travers les radio rurales.Le projet «Appui à la Sécurité Alimentaire et la Résilience des populations aux Crises Climatiques et Sociales dans la Région de Mopti », vise à renforcer au niveau communautaire la capacité des acteurs à s'attaquer aux sources de conflits et le changement climatique pour assurer la sécurité alimentaire, la réduction de la vulnérabilité des populations, et la consolidation de la paix. • améliorer la sécurité alimentaire d’environ 100.000 personnes (14.300 ménages) par le développement des ressources non-conventionnelles en eau, l’introduction de nouvelles pratiques agricoles, l’amélioration de l'accès aux semences améliorées, la régénération des pâturages exondés et inondés et le soutien aux activités de gestion des ressources naturelles complémentaires, et • améliorer sur le long-terme le climat social et la sécurité alimentaire en soutenant le développement des conventions locales et des plans de gestion collaborative et d'utilisation des terres mettant l'accent sur l'agriculture et les activités d'élevage. Dans les groupes de villages ciblés, la NEF travaillera directement avec les leaders et institutions de 20 communes et d’au moins 200 villages dans le renforcement des capacités, l'élaboration de conventions locales, et la mise en œuvre de microprojets de développement agricole, de collecte des eaux de surfaces, et l’initiation aux concepts de base de la gestion des conflits et de gestion des ressources partagées. L'équipe du projet travaillera à faire participer les femmes et les jeunes autant que possible. Grâce à des activités de consolidation et d'amélioration de la gestion des ressources naturelles, le programme bénéficiera directement à 100.000 personnes et 14.300 ménages et de façon indirecte à 500.000 personnes. Dutch Ministry of Foreign AffairsNear East FoundationAssociation pour l'Appui au Développement IntégréAkvo FoundationNEAR EAST FOUNDATIONYacouba DEMEDirecteur Pays+223 21 42 16 78ydeme@neareast.orghttp://www.neareast.orgNEF MALI BP93 SEVARE-MOPTI BP2627 BAMAKOSEVARE14.524102 -4.0951042859873199.00La NEF a pour ambition de réduire le déficit de production des ménages à travers des initiatives communautaires et intercommunautaires pour accroître la production agro-sylvicole et à mettre en place des outils de planification et de gestion adaptés dans le but d'accroître la durabilité et la coordination des activités de subsistance liées à l’exploitation des ressources naturelles. La région de Mopti connait une incidence de pauvreté de 76% et se révèle un foyer de conflits d’accès et d’exploitation des ressources naturelles. Sa position de carrefour entre les zones humides et les zones arides dans le Delta Intérieur du Niger (DIN) en fait une zone de forte concentration humaine et de mobilité des animaux pour l’accès aux pâturages et aux points d’eau. Ce qui engendre une compétition pour les ressources de plus en plus rares et l’incertitude des productions due aux aléas du climat. Le récent conflit dans le nord du pays a aggravé les conflits sous-jacents sociaux et d'utilisation des terres, entraînant des défis supplémentaires pour la production alimentaire. L’objectif du programme est de minimiser l’impact négatif de ces facteurs et de renforcer conformément au CSCRP (Cadre Stratégique de Croissance et Réduction de la Pauvreté) la production agricole et autres moyens de subsistance des populations en cas de crise sociale et/ou climatiqueLa NEF appuiera les activités collaboratives identifiées à travers les plans d’utilisation des terres pour soutenir la production alimentaire durable et la collaboration entre les divers groupes ethniques et socioprofessionnels. L'objectif principal de ces activités est d'améliorer la sécurité alimentaire des populations par l’utilisation rationnelle et judicieuse des ressources naturelles comme les terres agricoles, l'eau, et les pâturages. L'objectif secondaire est de promouvoir la durabilité et la réconciliation par le biais de la planification inclusive et la gestion des activités de collaboration. Pour ce faire, il sera mis en place un fonds flexible de soutien aux projets qui soutiendra au moins 80 initiatives communautaires de collaboration afin d'améliorer la productivité des ressources qui présentent des avantages communs (par exemple, collecte des eaux pluviales, la réhabilitation des zones humides, la régénération de bourgou, l’agroforesterie, la gestion des pêcheries) et au moins 200 activités collaboratives génératrices de revenus basées sur les RN (par exemple, l'embouche des animaux, la culture maraîchère intensive, la culture intensive du riz, de la pisciculture, l'artisanat, et le traitement du fonio sauvage). Il sera ciblé le soutien à des AGR qui rassemblent des jeunes ou des femmes d'horizons différents pour les achats groupés, la production, la transformation ou la commercialisation. Grâce à sa caisse de microcrédit la NEF soutiendra d'autres investissements ou des activités de GRN individuelles dans le cadre des plans d'aménagement du territoire par le biais de micro-prêts.1.200 hectares (répartis entre 400 Ha de terres agricoles, 400 Ha pâturages et 400 Ha zones de reboisement aménagés) contribuent à la production agricole et l’équilibre des écosystèmes naturels 1.200 hectares soit 400 Ha de sols dégradés et 800 Ha de massifs forestiers sont restaurés et protégés 200 initiatives d’AGR basées la GRN sont menées conjointement et impliquent des personnes d'origines diverses 20.000 personnes dont 9.000 femmes et 1.000 jeunes augmentent leurs avantages économiques découlant de la GRN dans 20 communes. La durabilité et la rentabilité des chaînes de valeur agricole sont améliorées grâce à l’augmentation de la disponibilité d’intrants, des liens avec le marché et des services de soutien.La NEF travaillera avec les responsables locaux pour organiser des processus participatifs relatifs à : l’élaboration/adoption de plans de développement sensibles au changement climatique, l’élaboration de plans collaboratifs de gestion et d’utilisation des terres, la gestion des conflits et des situations humanitaires, l’appui à la mise en place de conventions locales dans le but d’accroitre et de stabiliser la sécurité alimentaire. Le plan de développement est un cadre général d’intervention ; il sera décliné en plan sectoriel stratégique d’utilisation des terres, des ressources en eau, des forets et pâturages pour assurer un suivi plus fin des projets d’appui à la sécurité alimentaire, à la protection de l’environnement et la réduction de la pauvreté. La convention locale énonce les principes de gestion de base et les mécanismes d'application, dans le but de gérer les ressources partagées de façon rentable et durable. Ces outils et le processus qui les sous-tend serviront simultanément à guider les activités du projet et à réunir les groupes voisins autour de la planification et la gestion inclusive ainsi que de dégager une feuille de route pour atteindre et maintenir la sécurité alimentaire et la gestion durable des ressources naturelles. 20 communes sont dotées de plans de développement tenant compte de l’adaptation au changement climatique et de la gestion durable des conflits Au moins 1.000 femmes et jeunes des villages de 20 communes soit 20.000 femmes et jeunes participent au processus de planification pour la prise en compte de leurs besoins spécifiques dans les plans de développement élaborés 40 conventions de gestion durable des RN et de conservation sont mises en place 40 plans de gestion de terres y compris les plans d’eau sont élaborés Au moins 200 rencontres et ateliers tenus entre les conseils élus et les représentants des communautés dans 20 communes couvertes par le processus de mise en place des plans de gestion Comme clé de la sécurité alimentaire, l'agriculture et l'élevage font partie d'un système plus large de gestion concertée des ressources naturelles partagées. La production alimentaire et les moyens de subsistance en dépendent ; mais l'accès à ces ressources pour la production alimentaire et l’accroissement des revenus sont très souvent minés par des conflits intergroupes. L'expérience de la NEF dans le DIN montre qu'une action collective et concertée de gestion et d’utilisation des terres est essentielle à l’établissement de la stabilité et la sécurité nécessaires pour soutenir la production alimentaire et la création de revenus. En prélude à la préparation et la mise en œuvre des plans de développement et les conventions locales, il est prévu d’organiser une série d'ateliers pour développer les connaissances et les compétences en gestion organisationnelle et technique, la gestion des conflits, et la collaboration en matière de GRN.Quarante associations représentatives sont créées ou renforcées 50% des adhérents des associations sont des femmes et des jeunes 200 membres des associations sont formés sur la planification, la gouvernance, la GRN et la gestion des conflits 2.350 personnes (200 élus, 2.000 producteurs, 150 agents des organisations partenaires) sont formées sur la GRN 90% des populations sont satisfaits des règles établies Afin de stimuler un dialogue public plus large sur les conflits et la consolidation de la paix, une stratégie de communication sera développée avec les radios rurales, les groupes d'apprentissage, et des ateliers régionaux. Des programmes bihebdomadaires seront organisés à la radio rurale de Mopti par exemple, en se concentrant sur les ressources naturelles, le changement climatique, les conflits et la collaboration. Les journalistes radio / spécialistes de la communication travailleront avec la jeunesse locale à élaborer des programmes de partage des réussites et les histoires d'intérêt humain et à stimuler le débat public. Pour ce faire la NEF mettra en place des groupes d'apprentissage et de collaboration au niveau municipal et local (cercle). Ils incluront, les autorités locales, les associations féminines, des ONG, des chefs d'entreprises et organismes de recherche. Sous la direction du Coordinateur technique, ces groupes se réuniront sur une base régulière, de façon informelle pour suivre l'avancement du projet, en tirer des leçons et partager les expériences. Les membres du groupe d'apprentissage seront engagés dans des ateliers régionaux pour constituer un groupe de « champions locaux » qui sont en mesure d'influer sur l'opinion publique. La collaboration avec les spécialistes PARCC de l’Université de Syracuse et les partenaires locaux sera accrue par l’organisation de formations et d’ateliers régionaux pour partager les résultats des travaux et s’approprier de l'approche. Au moins 80 émissions de radio rurales de campagnes d'information publiques sensibilisent plus 70% des populations sur les enjeux de la paix et du développement Au moins 500 personnes participent à des formations régionales et des ateliers sur la résolution des conflits, l’adaptation au changement climatique et l’utilisation collaborative des terres 80% de personnes ont le sentiment qu'ils sont des membres appréciés de leur communauté et associés à la prise de décision et à la gestion des RN par les autorités locales 80% de personnes se sentent en relation positive avec les autorités locales